Research
May 1, 2009 by Brian Butler | Filed under: Evaluation of Natural Resources
The US Department of Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory conducted a study to assess power generation needs versus the availability of fresh water in the United States. It was determined that power generating capacity will increase by 18% between 2005 and 2030; therefore, regional power demand must be compared to regional fresh water supply to determine areas where water supply could become a critical issue. In the case of power generation, the bulk of water used is to cool and condense steam generated to drive turbine generators back into liquid. An experimental model was developed to look at the increase in generation and water use under five different circumstances. As part of this study, population expansion in regards to water use and implementation of carbon capture and sequestering (CCS) technology was also evaluated as strains on the water supply (CCS technology requires electricity to operate, increasing demand). The study showed that while fresh water withdrawal will decrease by 5% by 2030, consumption will increase by 40%. Regions in the South and Southwest, which have experienced spikes in population growth, will have supply issues. The NETL will be able to assist with the minimization of supply issues by working to identify non-traditional water sources, water reuse and recovery systems, advanced cooling technologies, and advanced water treatment and detection systems. This article provides a good overview for the electrical utility industry in consideration of strategic planning for expansion. From a process standpoint, it provides a model for future study and identifies a potential partner for energy related industries and organizations.